History times and terms chapter 3
Times
1585> People flee from Antwerp to Amsterdam for fear of the Spaniards.
1595-1596> Willem Barentsz and Jacob van Heemskerck attempt to find de Northeast Passage.
1595-1596> De Houtman and Keyser reach India via the Cape of Good Hope.
1602> VOC founded
1610-1620> People in Amsterdam move into canal district and Jordaan district.
1621> WIC founded
1624> New Amsterdam founded on the island of Manhattan.
1628> Piet Hein seizes the Spanish treasure fleet.
1630> WIC takes control of Portuguese Brazil and the El Mina slave station.
1651> Jan Pietersz. Coen founds administrative centre Batavia.
1651> Christiaan Huygens invents the telescope.
1652-1654> First Angelo-Dutch War.
1655> Official opening in new town hall on Dam Square in Amsterdam.
1665> Admiral De Ruyter attacks the English naval fleet at Chatham.
1667> New Netherland, including New Amsterdam, exchanged for Suriname.
1672> Year of Disaster.
Terms
Classicism> A style in architecture that imitates de style of the ancient Greeks and Romans.
Commercial agriculture and livestock farming> A system in which farmers work to produce enough for industry or export and not only for their town or region.
Dutch East India Company (VOC)> Trading company which had a monopoly on shipping routes to Asia.
Dutch West India Company (WIC)> Trading company in which had a monopoly on trading routes to West Africa and the Americas.
Expedition companies> Before the Dutch East India company was established, merchants joined forces to found a company for each expedition they undertook to Asia.
Global economy> System of trade and financial relationships which spans the world.
Golden Age> The name for the long period of prosperity and cultural development enjoyed by the Dutch Republic in the seventeenth century. This name was not thought up until later.
Hidden churches> Churches concealed in an attic. At that time in the Dutch Republic, only Calvanists were allowed to openly practise their religion.
Intra-Asian trade> Mutual trade between Asian countries.
Merchant capitalism> A system in which merchants multiply their capital not only by trading but also by processing the raw materials they purchase and import. This means they can sell the processed product for more profit that they would make from trade alone.
Mother of all trade> The first, and for centuries the most important, Dutch international trade network, involving the Republic and the countries around the Baltic Sea.
Navigation Act> A series of laws dating from 1651 in which the British tried to weaken the dominant trading position of the Dutch Republic, for example a law that said only English ships were allowed to transport goods to and from England.
Plantation century> A colony with cotton, sugar or tobacco plantations, usually worked by slave labour.
Poor relief> Distribution of bread and peat to the poor and people whose winter wages were not enough to make ends meet.
Rationalism> A philosophical movement which assumes that the use of reason (ratio) is the source of knowledge rather than religious belief, the Bible or traditions.
Scientific revolution> Rapid development in Western Europe in the field of inventions and science.
Spanish treasure fleet> Spanish convoy that transported the proceeds of the silver mines from the Americas once a year.
Staple market> A market or market town to which goods are transported from all quarters of the world so that they can be traded on.
The East> All the areas where the Dutch East India Company traded.
Trade monopoly> The exclusive right to trade in a particular territory or in a particular product.
Trading posts> Fortified focal points for trade, belonging for example to the Dutch East India Company or the Dutch West India Company.
Transatlantic slave trade/triangular slave trade> Trade in slaves from Africa across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas. Part of a triangular trade route: merchandise (cotton fabrics, money) was sent from the Dutch Republic to Africa, slaves were sent from Africa to the Americas, and more merchandise (raw cotton, coffee, tobacco, sugar) was sent from the Americas to the Dutch Republic.
Year of Disaster, 1672> The year in which the Dutch Republic was at war with France, England, Münster and Cologne. William III became stadtholder and the De Witt brothers were lynched.
Times
1585> People flee from Antwerp to Amsterdam for fear of the Spaniards.
1595-1596> Willem Barentsz and Jacob van Heemskerck attempt to find de Northeast Passage.
1595-1596> De Houtman and Keyser reach India via the Cape of Good Hope.
1602> VOC founded
1610-1620> People in Amsterdam move into canal district and Jordaan district.
1621> WIC founded
1624> New Amsterdam founded on the island of Manhattan.
1628> Piet Hein seizes the Spanish treasure fleet.
1651> Jan Pietersz. Coen founds administrative centre Batavia.
1651> Christiaan Huygens invents the telescope.
1652-1654> First Angelo-Dutch War.
1655> Official opening in new town hall on Dam Square in Amsterdam.
1665> Admiral De Ruyter attacks the English naval fleet at Chatham.
1667> New Netherland, including New Amsterdam, exchanged for Suriname.
1672> Year of Disaster.
Terms
Classicism> A style in architecture that imitates de style of the ancient Greeks and Romans.
Commercial agriculture and livestock farming> A system in which farmers work to produce enough for industry or export and not only for their town or region.
Dutch East India Company (VOC)> Trading company which had a monopoly on shipping routes to Asia.
Dutch West India Company (WIC)> Trading company in which had a monopoly on trading routes to West Africa and the Americas.
Expedition companies> Before the Dutch East India company was established, merchants joined forces to found a company for each expedition they undertook to Asia.
Golden Age> The name for the long period of prosperity and cultural development enjoyed by the Dutch Republic in the seventeenth century. This name was not thought up until later.
Hidden churches> Churches concealed in an attic. At that time in the Dutch Republic, only Calvanists were allowed to openly practise their religion.
Intra-Asian trade> Mutual trade between Asian countries.
Merchant capitalism> A system in which merchants multiply their capital not only by trading but also by processing the raw materials they purchase and import. This means they can sell the processed product for more profit that they would make from trade alone.
Mother of all trade> The first, and for centuries the most important, Dutch international trade network, involving the Republic and the countries around the Baltic Sea.
Navigation Act> A series of laws dating from 1651 in which the British tried to weaken the dominant trading position of the Dutch Republic, for example a law that said only English ships were allowed to transport goods to and from England.
Plantation century> A colony with cotton, sugar or tobacco plantations, usually worked by slave labour.
Poor relief> Distribution of bread and peat to the poor and people whose winter wages were not enough to make ends meet.
Rationalism> A philosophical movement which assumes that the use of reason (ratio) is the source of knowledge rather than religious belief, the Bible or traditions.
Scientific revolution> Rapid development in Western Europe in the field of inventions and science.
Spanish treasure fleet> Spanish convoy that transported the proceeds of the silver mines from the Americas once a year.
The East> All the areas where the Dutch East India Company traded.
Trade monopoly> The exclusive right to trade in a particular territory or in a particular product.
Trading posts> Fortified focal points for trade, belonging for example to the Dutch East India Company or the Dutch West India Company.
Transatlantic slave trade/triangular slave trade> Trade in slaves from Africa across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas. Part of a triangular trade route: merchandise (cotton fabrics, money) was sent from the Dutch Republic to Africa, slaves were sent from Africa to the Americas, and more merchandise (raw cotton, coffee, tobacco, sugar) was sent from the Americas to the Dutch Republic.
Year of Disaster, 1672> The year in which the Dutch Republic was at war with France, England, Münster and Cologne. William III became stadtholder and the De Witt brothers were lynched.
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