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Pixar

Beoordeling 5.2
Foto van een scholier
  • Werkstuk door een scholier
  • 4e klas vwo | 4061 woorden
  • 7 september 2006
  • 16 keer beoordeeld
Cijfer 5.2
16 keer beoordeeld

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Introduction This is a project about Pixar. First we wanted to do this project about sharks, because we don’t know so much about them. Then we wanted to do this project about the Tsunami, because it had just happened. After all, we decided to do the project about Pixar, because Veerle suddenly thought about this subject and I liked it very much. We are satisfied with the result, so turn the page and learn something about Pixar! The History of the company Pixar The company Pixar has a long history that begins in 1970. Ed Catmull joined the Computer Science Program at the University of Utah. The first computer drawing program called Sketchpad was created. During the 70’s, the development of computer graphics began, it was the first time the computer could make a 3D object. In 1974, Alexander Schure became interested in the Utah program. Ed Catmull

He founded a new Computer Graphics Lab. Ed Catmull became director of this facility. Catmull created a team of talented computer scientists and began with his work. Many things in computer graphics were developed. A movie called ‘The Works’ became their major project. Although, none of the people understood the scope of motion picture, so the project failed. Computer with Sketchpad Hollywood also became interested in computer graphics. One man, George Lucas, who made the special effects for Star Wars, worked with Triple I to create his computer graphics. He had proven that photorealistic computer imagery was possible. Lucas founded his own company for computer graphics: Lucasfilm. In 1979, Catmull’s group became a part of Lucasfilm. Catmull himself was named Vice President for the company. The next six years were a success. One talented programmer, Loren Carpenter, wrote the first renderer for Lucasfilm (REYES). It would become Pixar’s Renderman
rendering engine. George Lucas In 1984, Jonh Lasseter leaves his animation job at Disney to join Lucasfilm. There, he works on his first 3D short: André and Willy B. In 1986, Steve Jobs purchased Lucasfilm for $10 million. He named it Pixar. Ed Catmull became co-founder and chief technical officer of Pixar. John Lasseter Steve Jobs wanted to produce computer animated cartoons and full length films. However, he needed to develop better software for making these movies. In 1989, the first software program Renderman was released. This program became the best software program for making computer animations. Pixar also used CAPS, another software program.They made a short movie called ‘Knick Knack’. Pixar also made its first commercial in 1989, ‘Wake Up’, for Tropicana. In 1990, Pixar moves to a one-story office building in Point Richmond, CA, just down the street across the railroad tracks from the Chevron refinery. In that year, five commercials were made. Pixar and Walt Disney Studios team up to develop, produce and distribute up to three feature-length animated films in 1991. Pixar made fifteen commercials in that year. Disney Pixar In the next years, several more commercials were made by Pixar. With the deal signed, Pixar now had to prove it could deliver on its technology and creativity. With a staff of only a few dozen people in 1991, Pixar had to quickly gear up to begin design and production of the first of the three films. That first movie was Toy Story, released in 1995. It took three years. It was very difficult to make this movie for Lasseter and the others from Pixar and Disney. The challenge was to bring the story and its characters to life on the computer screen. Lasseter said: "It's easy to make things look perfect, but we had to make things look more organic. Every leaf and blade of grass had to be created. We had to give the world a sense of history. So the doors are banged up, the floors have scuffs." Pixar’s second animation A Bug’s Life is released in 1998. It’s derived from the fable “The Ant and the Grasshopper”. The computing power used in A Bug's Life is expected to be almost 10 times the power used in Toy Story, resulting Steve Jobs in more realistic special effects. In 1999, Toy Story’s sequel Toy Story 2 was released. Later, they released Monsters, Inc. (2000), Finding Nemo (2003), and The Incredibles (2004). The creation of a Pixar movie · “Polishing” Development
At first, the development team starts making story ideas. The members of the team tell their story ideas to each other. The challenge is to make a story in such way that the audience believes in the idea and see the possibilities in it. The story has also got to be lucrative. Then a treatment is written. The treatment summarizes the main idea of the story. There is not always one treatment, usually more treatments are written, in order that they can find a right balance between the ideas. As third, the storyboards are drawn. A storyboard is a hand-drawn comic book of the movie, a blueprint for the action and dialogue. The storyboard artists receive the script and some of them the “beat outline”. The beat outline is a map with the characters and their emotional changes through the actions. These are the guidelines and when this is done, the storyboard artists send their work to the director. Pre-production
Then a voice talent begins with recording. First, they record temporary “scratch” voices by Pixar artists. These are for the storyboard reels (see the next alinea). When the story and the dialogue are more developed, professional actors start recording. They must read from a script and they also improvise a bit. The characters’ voices must be recorded in different ways, the best one will be animated, but sometimes the scratch voice is so good, that they’re not recorded again. While they’re recording, editorial starts making reels. A reel is a videotape where you can see the story on alone, without any person that tells the story. It’s very useful, because with a reel the people of Pixar can see if the movie can be understood without anyone who tells the story and if the timing of the “scenes” is right. With this information they can fix the length and some other things of each shot. Production
The art department creates the look and feel of the characters and their world. They create them by using the script, the storyboards, their own creativity and developed work. They also design sets, colors and “color scripts” for lighting. After this, animators model the characters, sets and so on, by using the art department’s model packet (a set of informational drawings), in 3D with the computer or they scan them in 3D. Then the animator will use hinges, so that the characters or objects can move. Now the characters and sets are built in 3-D, set dressers start dressing the sets, like curtains, toys, chairs. The sets must be dressed, because it creates a believable world. The set dressers have got to work very closely with the director because the director’s vision for the environment has got to be realized. The layout crew is next. They choreograph the characters in the set and use a virtual camera for summarizing the story point and emotion of each scene. Usually the layout crew produces a lot of versions of the shots, so that the editorial department has choices for cutting the scene. When the scene has been cut, the final version is released to animation. Then the shot is animated. Pixar’s animators, using Pixar’s animation software, choreograph the movements and expressions in the scenes with the computer. Next, the sets and characters get shaded. This is a different kind of work, because the shade is separate from the surface. This process is done with “shaders,” software programs that make difficult variations of shading possible. One of the last things is completing the look by lighting. They use digital light to light every scene in the same manner as stage lighting. At last the computer data is rendered. Al of the information in the files that make up the shot is translated in a single frame. Polishing
To make the movie perfect, editorial adds music and sound effects. The photoscience department makes the movie ready in a special shape for film or digital projection. Software · Pixar uses the following software: · Marionette: for modeling, animating and lighting · Ringmaster: for scheduling, coordinating. · Renderman: a rendering software system that makes high-quality, photorealistic images. The movies: The big movies They made movie in total different subjects of each other. However, they have something in common: It’s all humour! These are the movies: Toy Story (1995) Subject: It’s a story about living toys. Story: Woody is Andy’s favorite toy and he’s the leader of all the toys in Andy’s room. But one day, Andy gets a new toy for his birthday. It’s the Buzz Lightyear , an action figure who believes he can save the world. Of course, it’s becomes Andy’s new favorite toy and all the toys in Andy’s room like him, except for Woody. Woody hates Buzz, because he thinks he’s a hero in his special space suit. Woody is afraid he will be replaced in his leadership for Buzz. By accident, Buzz falls out the window and ends up by the neighbours. The neighbour is a bully, he eliminates toys. Woody, who was after Buzz to bring him back, also ends up by the neighbours. Together, Woody and Buzz try to get out and get back to Andy’s room. But Andy is moving to another house so it’s very difficult to find him back. It becomes one big adventure! Woody and Buzz are getting to know each other and in the end they’re friends with each other. Awards and Nominations: Toy Story receives two Golden Globe nominations for Best Picture-Musical or Comedy and Best Original Song, “ You’ve Got a Friend in Me;” and Best Screen-play Written Directly for the Screen. John Lasseter is given the Special Achievement Award at the Oscars for his “inspired leadership of the Pixar Toy Story Team resulting in the first feature-length computer animated film.” Edwin Catmull. Alvy Ray Smith. Thomas Porter and Tom Duff receive the Scientific and Engineering Academy Award for Digital Image Compositing. Toy Story receives seven ASIFA-Hollywood Annie Awards: Outstanding Animated Feature, Directing, Producing, Writing, Production Design, Music and Animation. A Bug’s Live (1998) Subject: It’s a story derived from the fable “The Ant and the Grasshopper”. Story: Every year, the grasshoppers come and eat all the food which the ants have collected for them. But Flik is really stupid and he destroyes all the food by accident. He must find “warrior bugs” for saving his colony, but it seems to be a bumbling circus group. Flik and his warrior bug are trying to save the colony which is of course very funny to see! Awards and Nominations: The movie receives four ASIFA-Hollywood Annie Awards for Outstanding Animation Feature, Directing, Writing and Production Design. A Bug’s Life receives the Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Media. A Bug’s Life receives an Academy Award nomination for Best Musical or Comedy Score. Toy Story 2 (1999) Subject: Toy Story’s sequel

Story: Andy is at Cowboy Camp and the toys in Andy’s bedroom are left alone. But Andy is in trouble, a collector steals him because he’s a highly collectable toy. Buzz and the other toys want to rescue him. Woody discovers he’s the “pièce de résistance” in the collector’s ‘Woody’s Roundup’ set. In the end, Woody must choose between living forever or going back to Andy where he’s loved…so, many adventures will happen! Awards and Nominations: Toy Story 2 receives a Golden Globe Award for Best Picture –Musical or Comedy, Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Motion Picture, Television or Other Media, and Grammy Award for Best Musical Album for Children, Toy Story 2 also receives six ASIFA-Hollywood Annie Awards: Outstanding Animated Feature, Directing, Writing, Storyboarding and Voice Acting (twice). Toy Story 2 is nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song, Golden Globe for Best Original Song and two Grammies for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group With Vocal and Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture. Monsters, Inc. (2001) Subject: It’s a story about Monsters and their life. Story: Monsters, Inc. is a successful scream processing factory in Monsterland. The screams are needed because of the energy. The best scarer is James P. Sullivan. His mate is Mike. There’s one thing, you can’t touch the children because it is fatally. By accident, a child comes in Monsterworld and she causes a lot of problems. Sully and Mike try to get her and bring her back to the normal world. Of course, it will end up with a lot of adventures! Awards and Nominations: Monsters, Inc. Composer Randy Newman takes home the Oscar for Best Song (“If I Didn’t Have You”). For The Birds nabs the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film. Pixar is honored with the Producer’s Guild of America’s inaugural Vanguard Award, which recognizes outstanding achievement in new media and technology. Monsters, Inc. Receives three Academy Award nominations; Best Animated Feature Film, Best Sound Editing, and Best Score. Finding Nemo (2003) Subject: It’s a story about a clownfish, searched by his father. Story: Deep in the ocean, Nemo is born. He’s the only one who survived from out of the mouth of a big fish. His father takes care of his only son, but he’s annoying Nemo a bit. Nemo thinks his father is too careful. By accident, some divers take Nemo to Sidney and Marlin, his father, is desperate to find him. Together with Dory, he begins his journey to find Nemo. After a long journey with a lot of adventures, they arrive in Sidney and over there, a lot will happen before they find each other back, but at least they find each other! Awards and Nominations: Finding Nemo sweeps Annie Awards and takes home the Oscar for Best Animated Film
Finding Nemo is also Oscar-nominated for Original Screenplay, Score and Sound Editing. The Hollywood Foreign Press nominates Finding Nemo for “Best Film: Musical or Comedy”. The Incredibles (2004) Subject: It’s about a superhuman family
Story: Mr. Incredible was a real superhero; he saved the world every time it was in danger. But they don’t accept him anymore, while the world still needs him. He has a family and all the children have superpowers, but of course, they also have their normal problems in life and it’s funny to see. Mr. Incredible has a very stupid job and he wants to have back his job as superhero and searches for a new job. In his search he uncovers a diabolic plan and it is his chance for him and his family to save the day and become real heroes again! Awards and Nominations: The Incredibles wins two Academy Awards for Best Animated Film and Best Sound Editing and sweeps the ASIFA-Hollywood Annie Awards with a record-setting 10 wins, including Best Animated Feature, Directing, Writing, Animation and Storyboarding. The Incredibles receives a Golden Globe nomination for Best Musical or Comedy. The little movies The adventures of André & Willy B. (1984) Subject: how many luck someone can have. Story: This is the first short movie, made by John Lasseter. It is released in 1984 at Siggraph, a big computer graphics convention. It is about a bee and a kind of puppet. The puppet does not want to be stung by the bee, so he makes a joke and runs away. The bee is angry now and follows him, but then he banged his head on a tree, so the puppet has won, because he hasn’t been stung. Luxo Jr. (1986) Subject: Two living Luxor lamps. Story: Luxo Jr. is released in 1986. It is a movie with two Luxor lamps, a parent lamp and a baby lamp. The baby lamp has got a little ball. They have a lot of fun with the ball, but when baby lamp jumps on the ball, it bursts. So they are very sad. A minute later, the parent lamp finds a big ball. They start playing again and are happily ever after. Nominations: Luxo jr. Receives an Academy Award nomination for Best Animated Short Film, in 1987. Awards: Luxo jr. receives the Golden Gate award: First Prize for Computer generated Imagery at the San Francisco International Film Festival, in 1987. Luxo jr. in Sesame Street’s “Surprise” and “ Light and heavy” wins the Features and Shorts category at The Computer Animation Competition in London and wins First Prize in the Theatrical Category at the Sixth International Computer Animation Competition, Images du Future. Montreal in 1991. Red’s dream (1987) Subject: A dream of a unicycle. Story: Red’s dream is released in 1987 at Siggraph. It is about a red unicycle that stands in the corner of a shop. His life in the shop is not fun, just standing in the corner, so he dreams up a clown owner and Red may do his own juggling act that steals the show. But soon the sound of the applause turns into the sound of rainfall, the reality comes back and he has to wait in the corner of the shop for his faith. Awards: In 1988 Red’s Dream receives the Golden Gate Award: Best of Category, Computergenerated Imagery at the San Fransisco International Film Festival. The short also wins a Golden Nicas at the Prix Ars Electronica festival in Austria. Tin Toy (1988) Subject: Baby’s can not focus on something for a longer time. Story: In 1988 Tin Toy has it is release at Siggraph. It is about Tinny, he is a toy and he tries to escape from the baby, because the baby ruins everything. After his escaping, he realizes that he wants to be played with. But in the time he needs to discover this, the baby’s attention moves on to other things, so the baby does not play with him. Awards: Tin Toy wins an Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film in 1989; First Prize, Computer-Assisted Animation at the Third Los Angeles International Animation Celebration; and the Blue Ribbon Award from the American Film an Video Association. Knick Knack(1989) Subject: How many bad luck someone can have. Story: The Pixar short Knick Knack had it is world premiere at Siggraph in 1989. It is about a snowman that is locked in a snow globe. He wants to be just like the other souvenirs outside, souvenirs from sunnier locales. He tries to get out and when he is out of his globe, his life is way to short, because he is a snowman and he can not live in places were it is hot. Awards: Knick Knack wins the Golden Space Needle Award for Best Short Film at the Seattle International Film Festival in 1990. The short also wins First Price, Animation Competion at the Badalona Film Festival in Barcelona. Geri’s game (1997) Subject: A lonely man, who is playing chess with himself and has a lot of fun. Story: In 1997 Pixar releases its animated short film Geri’s Game. The film marks new advances in the ability to animate skin and cloth. It is about an old man, called Geri. He really likes to play chess, but he has not got anybody to play with, so he imagines a character, played by himself and plays chess with that character. After a while he starts losing the games from his imagined character. Just before the game ends he manages to turn the tables and win the game. Awards: Geri’s Game nabs the Academy Award for Best Animates Short Film and the ASIFA-Hollywood’s Annie Award for Outstanding Achievement in an Animated Short Subject, in 1998. For the birds (2000) Subject: Birds that rule out a bigger bird, the one that laughs last, laughs best. Story: The short film For The Birds premieres at the Annecy Film Festival. It is about small birds. They settle one by one down on a telephone wire. They have to sit close together and that brings enough problems. Then a big bird wants to sit between the small birds, but the birds think he is a bit of a lunatic, so they start making fun of him. As the big bird settles down between the small birds, the wire moves to the ground because of the weight of the big bird. The small birds make the big bird fall of the wire and they get launched. They smack on the ground and the big bird is the one that has the most fun. Awards: For The Birds nabs the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film, in 2001. Mike’s new car (2002) Subject: Mike has got a new car. Story: Mike is the best laugh collector from Monsters Inc. He discovers that being the best has some benefits, especially earning a lot of money. So he buys a six wheel drive with a lot of gadgets in it. Awards: Pixar’s animated short film Mike’s New car is nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film, in 2003. Boundin’ (2003) Subject: A sheep has got a beautiful coat but he looses it and does not know how to go on. Story: Boundin’ is about a sheep. The sheep has got a beautiful shiny coat and he is very proud of it. He starts to dance and everybody likes him. Unfortunately he looses his coat and with it his pride. Then the sheep meets a jackalope – a rabbit with horns -. The jackalope teaches him that, woolly or not, it is the inside that counts. Awards: Bud Luckey’s short film, Boundin’ wins Annie Award for Best Animated Short Film, in 2004. Jack-Jack Attack
Subject: A normal girl is babysitting on a baby with super powers. Story: Kari is babysitting on Jack-Jack, the youngest member of the Incredible Parr family. She thinks that Jack-Jack is just a normal baby and she tries to make him smarter by neurological stimulation. Jack-Jack really get’s smarter, but in his case, he discovers his super powers. The future The Next Movies In Theater: Cars
Story: Aspiring-champion race car Lightning McQueen is on the fast track to success, fame and everything he’s ever hoped for, until he takes an unexpected detour on dusty Route 66. His have-it-all-now attitude is thrown into a tailspin when a small-town community that time forgot shows McQueen what he’s been missing in his high-octane life. News around the release: Cars will be released in June 2006. Ratatouille
Story: It is the story of a rat that lives in a Parisian restaurant. News around the release: It’s the first long movie from director Jan Pinkava, who directed Geri’s Game in 1997. Ratatouille will be released in November 2006.
General news about Pixar’s future: After the release of Cars, the contract with Disney ends. There are two options for Pixar. The first one is to make a new contract with Disney and the second one is to sign a contract with another company. There are many companies’s who want a contract with Pixar, because it’s such a success. For now, one thing is for sure, the future of Pixar won’t be bad, because it seems to like that they’re becoming more and more famous with every movie they release. The End So, this is the end of our ICT-project. Right now, you, dear reader, know everything about Pixar. We hope you found it interesting! For us, it was very interesting, because we both like the movies Pixar made. It was also funny to see all the short movies, we downloaded them all! We will show you some with our presentation. We learned a lot with this project, not only about English, but also about our subject!! The last thing we want to say in this project, is that we hope we’ll have a good mark! Sources http://www.pixar.com è every part of the project has some information of this site. http://film.guardian.co.uk/lff2001/news/0,1555,604658,00.html è an interview for information for the little movies. History: http://www-personal.umich.edu/~afuah/cases/case14.html
Subjects: http://www.pixar.com/featurefilms/index.html
Future: http://www.animated-news.com/archives/00002707.html
http://www.technewsworld.com/story/33998.html

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