Title:
'The Catcher in the Rye' refers to a line in a poem by the Scottish poet Robert Burns. The character Holden thinks the line is “if a body catches a body in the rye” instead of the actual line in the poem which is “if a body meets a body in the rye”. His sister Phoebe corrects him. Holden tells his sister that it makes him imagine children playing in a rye-field, while he is standing on the edge of the nearby cliff so he can catch them if they fall, and send them back to the field. He is therefore the catcher in the rye. Holden knows it is a crazy, unrealistic idea, but he would love to save all the children from the evil of adulthood.
Author:
J.D.Salinger was born in New York, by Jewish parents.
The literary period:
The Twentieth century – second part (1945 to the present).
The genre:
The book belongs to the genre of the modern social novel. The modern social novel is all about a character, in this case Holden. It contains social elements, in which it talks about the critical attitude of adults towards the younger generation. The story also describes what the character does in New York, and is also therefore a picaresque (adventure) story.
Summary:
The Catcher in the Rye is about a sixteen year old boy named Holden Caulfield. Holden studies at Pencey, a boarding school in Pennsylvania. He is bright and tries to be very tough. Before the end of the first trimester, Holden is suspended from the school for the third time, because of his indifferent attitude and bad grades.
He spends his time in New York drinking and walking through the city and has no idea of what to do. He is desperately searching for someone he can really talk to. During this search he spends a great deal of money and loses his illusions. At the hotel an elevator-boy called Maurice offers him the services of a prostitute in his room. He accepts and a few minutes later the girl, Sunny, arrives. He is still a virgin and would like to change that. However that evening he doesn’t feel sexy enough for some reason so he simply gives her the money and sends her away. Afterwards her pimp comes to his room, gives him a couple of punches, and steals some of his money.
The next morning, Holden gives his ex- girlfriend Sally a call and invites her out to the theatre. During the date, Sally meets an old friend with whom she has an intellectual conversation. The friend irritates Holden. When they are alone, Holden suggests that they escape the city-life, so the two of them can live in the woods. They could start an easy life, get a job, and marry each other. Sally says ‘no’ and calls him a ‘pain in the ass’ and leaves him. Holden took his plans very seriously. After this, he becomes even more disillusioned and lonely.
He meets an old schoolfriend, Carl Luce. They have a drink together in a bar downtown, where they get into a fight and Carl leaves. Holden stays and has a lot to drink, getting very drunk. He goes to the lake in Central Park and stays there for a while wondering where the ducks are. When he regains his senses he decides to visit his sister Phoebe, so he sneaks into his parents’ house. Holden finds the integrity he is looking for through his sister.
Instead of going back to the hotel he decides to go to see his former English teacher Mister Antolini, and asks if he can spend the night there. Antolini is one of the few people who Holden still trusts. Holden tells him his story. In the middle of the night Holden awakes and finds Antolini ‘s hand on his head. Holden thinks Antolini might be homosexual, so he decides to leave the house as quickly as possible. He spends the rest of the night at Central Station. After this last disillusionment, Holden decides to run away, and tells Phoebe about his plans - she says she wants to go with him. He tells her that she can’t. They get into an argument, as a result of which Holden changes his plans and takes her to the zoo instead.
In the end Holden becomes ill and is diagnosed with tuberculosis. His parents send him to a sanitarium for psychological treatment. He recovers and talks about his experiences during those two dramatic days.
Time:
The story takes place over a period of four days. The book doesn’t show flashbacks. Sometimes Holden talks about things that have happened in the past, but you don’t really witness them.
Setting:
The story begins at the boarding school: Pencey Preparatory school. After that, Holden goes to New York City, USA.
Characters and relationships:
Holden Caulfield:
Holden Caulfield is the main character, a sixteen-year-old boy who has just been suspended from Pencey Preparatory School. His father is a Jewish lawyer in New York. Holden is a nice person but has a big mouth. He keeps calling people names, doesn’t want to belong to a group and hates people with an attitude. He tries to keep proving himself especially to his fellow students by exaggerating. During the story he smokes a lot and consumes large amounts of alcohol.
Ward Stradlater:
Robert Ackley:
Robert Ackley is another of Holden’s roommate s at Pencey. Robert Ackley is very untidy. Everyone calls him simply Ackley.
Jane Callagher:
Jane Callagher is his Holden’s ex-girlfriend. She is funny, and she and Holden get along very well.
Sally Hayes:
Sally Hayes is another of Holden’s former girlfriends. Although Holden doesn’t want to admit it, he is very fond of her.
D.B. Caulfield:
D.B. Caulfield is Holden’s older brother. He is writer living in New York.
Phoebe Caulfield:
Phoebe Caulfield is Holden’s ten-year-old sister. Holden believes his sister understands him.
Theme:
The theme is the painful and difficult transition from childhood to adulthood and the attitude of society in general.
Motto:
None.
Linguistic usage:
The style is almost only oral language used by Holden Caulfield, who speaks in the American teenage slang of the 1950’s. He often uses the words as they are pronounced, for example: “Sonuvabitch”, “C’mon”, and “Wuddayacallit”.
Dedication:
The book is dedicated ‘to my mother’.
The book is written from the perspective of the first person: Holden Caulfield.
Construction:
There are 26 numbered chapters in the book.
REACTIES
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:comment
1 seconde geleden
A.
A.
wat zitten er veel gaten in de samenvatting ga naar sparknotes.com voor een veeeeeeeeel uitgebreidere (en betere) samenvatting.
12 jaar geleden
AntwoordenL.
L.
Hoi,
Allie de overleden broer van Holden wordt hier helemaal niet genoemd. Allie had een honkbalhandschoen met gedichtjes erop, en daarop stond ook het gedicht van 'Robert Burns', Holden heeft deze handschoen nog steeds in zijn bezit en dat is dus nog een reden waarom hij 'catcher in the rye' wil worden. Het verwerken van de dood van zijn broer is ook een belangrijk onderdeel van het boek en dat wordt hier helemaal niet vermeld.
10 jaar geleden
Antwoorden